Vertigo & Dizziness — the full library.
Articles on vertigo & dizziness — written for patients and for other clinicians.
All articles in Vertigo & Dizziness

Meniere Low Salt Diet and Diuretics: What Patients Should Know
Meniere low salt diet and diuretics guide by Dr. Porwal: patient-safe expectations, monitoring, triggers and when medicines are considered.
5 min read
Meniere vs Vestibular Migraine: Hearing Clues and Attack Pattern
Meniere vs vestibular migraine guide by Dr. Porwal: hearing clues, tinnitus, migraine features, audiogram and treatment direction.
5 min read
Meniere vs BPPV: Ear Fullness, Hearing Loss and Positional Vertigo
Meniere vs BPPV guide by Dr. Porwal: attack duration, ear symptoms, Dix-Hallpike patterns, hearing tests and treatment differences.
5 min read
Meniere Disease Stages: Early, Fluctuating and Late Patterns
Meniere disease stages guide by Dr. Porwal: early attacks, fluctuating hearing, late imbalance, testing and treatment planning.
5 min read
Oscillopsia Causes and Treatment: When the World Looks Like It Bounces
Oscillopsia causes treatment guide by Dr. Porwal: bouncing vision, VOR weakness, bilateral vestibular loss, testing and rehab.
4 min read
Central Positional Nystagmus vs BPPV: When Positional Vertigo Is Not Simple
Central positional nystagmus guide by Dr. Porwal: how it differs from BPPV, red flags, testing patterns and urgent warning signs.
4 min read
Skew Deviation: Vertical Eye Misalignment in Vertigo
Skew deviation guide by Dr. Porwal: vertical eye misalignment, HINTS test, stroke warning signs and limits of interpretation.
4 min read
Upbeat Nystagmus: What This Vertical Pattern Can Mean
Upbeat nystagmus guide by Dr. Porwal: central causes, Wernicke/stroke red flags, testing and vertigo workup.
4 min read
Downbeat Nystagmus: A Vertical Eye Movement Warning Sign
Downbeat nystagmus guide by Dr. Porwal: causes, Chiari/cerebellar links, red flags and how it differs from BPPV.
4 min read
Gaze-Evoked Nystagmus: Why Eyes Drift at Side Gaze
Gaze-evoked nystagmus guide by Dr. Porwal: causes, cerebellar warning signs, medicine effects and vertigo workup.
4 min read
Nystagmus Types: Peripheral, Central, Vertical and Positional Patterns
Nystagmus types guide by Dr. Porwal: peripheral, central, gaze-evoked, vertical and positional patterns in vertigo diagnosis.
4 min read
Caloric Test Vertigo: Why Warm and Cool Ear Irrigation Is Used
Caloric test vertigo guide by Dr. Porwal: warm/cool ear irrigation, canal weakness, VNG interpretation and when the test helps.
4 min read